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Psychology is a scientific discipline that employes systematic methods of inquiry to study and explain human behaviour, in term of underlying variables such as neural, physiological and cognitive processes; developmental factors and individual differences; and social and interpersonal influences and contexts.
Psychology has many subfields such as social psychology, clinical psychology, developmental psychology, experimental psychology, psychometry, applied psychology, forensic psychology, educational psychology, health psychology, sports psychology, traffic psychology, positive psychology, political psychology, and psychology of religion.
Social psychology, as defined by Gordon Allport, is the subfield that includes studies of how an individual's thoughts, feelings, and actions are influenced by other people's real, imagined, or symbolically represented presence. Psychological social psychology differs from sociological social psychology because the former places more emphasis on internal psychological processes; the second focuses on factors affecting social life such as status, role and class.
Clinical Psychology is a subfield that specializes in the research, evaluation, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of emotional and behavioral disorders. Clinical psychologists work in health and mental health clinics, research, academic settings, or in group and independent practice.
Developmental Psychology is a subfield that examines the physical, mental and behavioral changes that occur from pregnancy to old age and investigates various biological, neurobiological, genetic, psychological, social, cultural and environmental factors that affect lifelong development.
Experimental psychology is the subfield that includes the scientific study of behavior, motive, or cognition in a laboratory or other controlled environment to predict, explain or change behavior or other psychological phenomena. Experimental psychology aims to construct quantitative relationships and explanatory theories through the analysis of responses under various controlled conditions and the synthesis of adequate theoretical calculations from the results of these observations.
Industrial and organizational psychology is a subfield characterized by the scientific study of human behavior in organizations and the workplace. The specialization focuses on the derivation of individual, group and organizational principles of behavior and the application of this knowledge to solving problems in the workplace.
Psychometry is a subfield related to the quantification and measurement of mental qualities, behaviors, performances and the like, as well as the design, analysis and improvement of tests, surveys and other tools used in such measurements.